Lab 7: Review
Update review terms lists and add LO’s
Review Videos
Lab 1
Heart review, Spradley – 23 min
Heart review, Walker – 14 min
Adult vs fetal circulation (lecture type review) – 14 min
Horse pericardium – 30 sec
Lab 2
Dog thoracic arteries, 6 min – Watch until 13:50
Goat thoracic vessels left, 1 min – Watch until 9:00
Goat thoracic vessels right, 2 min – Watch until 14:30
Calf thoracic vessels, right – 6 min
Lab 4
Dog carotid sheath – 2 min
Dog carotid sheath, watch until 14:30 – 2 min
Horse jugular groove and Viborg’s triangle, watch until 4:30 – 2 min
Horse carotid sheath, watch until 10:00 – 1 min
Goat jugular groove and carotid sheath, watch until 7:45 – 4 min
Calf jugular groove and carotid sheath – 4 min
Pig carotid sheath – 3 min
Lab 5
Dog thoracic limb vasculature – watch until 11:15 min
Horse thoracic limb vasculature – 2 min
Terms
Lab 1
Heart and Pericardium |
|
| Features | Species |
| Pericardial (mediastinal parietal) pleura | All |
| Mediastinum | All |
| Pericardium | All |
| Fibrous pericardium | All |
| Parietal pericardium | All |
| Pericardial cavity | All |
| Visceral pericardium (epicardium) | All |
| Phrenicopericardial ligament | Carnivores (in situ only) |
| Sternopericardial ligament | Ungulates (in situ only) |
| Heart | All |
|
Cardiac notch (on lungs) |
All |
|
Coronary groove (sulcus) |
All |
|
Great cardiac vein |
All |
|
Subsinuosal interventricular groove (sulcus) |
All |
| Paraconal interventricular groove (sulcus) | All |
| R/L coronary artery | All (ex situ only-do not need to side) |
| Left atrium | All |
|
Left AV (bicuspid/mitral) valve |
All |
| Left auricle | All |
| Pulmonary vv. | All |
| Right atrium | All |
| Cranial vena cava | All |
| Caudal vena cava | All |
| Coronary sinus and its opening into the right atrium | All |
| Right AV (tricuspid) valve | All |
| Chordae tendineae | All |
| Interatrial septum | All |
| Fossa ovalis/foramen ovale | All (Foramen ovale only in calf) |
| Right auricle | All |
| Right ventricle | All |
| Papillary mm. | All |
| Trabecula septomarginalis | All (know function as well) |
| Pulmonary valve | All |
| Pulmonary trunk | All |
| Pulmonary aa. | All |
| Ligamentum arteriosum | All |
|
Ductus arteriosus |
Calf |
| Patent ductus arteriosus | Conceptual |
| Left ventricle | All |
| Papillary mm. | All |
| Aortic valve | All |
| Chordae tendineae | All |
| Interventricular septum | All |
| Form and Function and Clinical Applications | Notes |
| S1 and S2 heart sounds | When they occur and what causes them |
| Ventricular systole and diastole | Which valves are open/closed during each phase; in what direction is blood flowing |
| SA and AV nodes | Where are they located; what are their functions |
| Pericardial effusion | Define and identify on radiograph and/or echocardiogram |
| Pericardiocentesis | Define; where to perform in all species (ICS and where relative to rib) |
| Points of Maximum Intensity | Know where each valve is most readily auscultated in the domestic species |
| Normal vs. Abnormal Heart Sounds | Know what a normal resting equine, large/small dog, and cat heart sounds like and differentiate it from abnormal |
Lab 2
| Heart and Thorax |
|
| Features | Species |
| Aorta | All |
| Ascending aorta | All |
| R coronary a | All, (observe in heart dissection) |
| L coronary a | All, (observe in heart dissection) |
| Aortic arch | All |
| Descending aorta | All |
| Brachiocephalic trunk | All |
| Bicarotid trunk | Equine and ruminant ex situ, if possible. Know conceptually regardless. |
| Intercostal aa/vv | All. Know where dorsal and ventral IC arteries originate. |
| Bronchoesophageal a/v | Carnivore only |
| L/R Subclavian a/v | Carnivore only |
| Vertebral a/v | Carnivore only |
| Costocervical trunk | Carnivore only |
| Superficial cervical a/v | Carnivore only |
| Internal thoracic a/v | Carnivore only |
| Ventral intercostal aa/vv | Know from where they originate. |
| Cranial epigastric a/v | Do not ID. Know it is continuation of internal thoracic a |
| Common carotid aa | All |
| Cranial vena cava | All |
| Caudal vena cava | All |
| Azygos v | Right – carnivore, horse, ruminant (when present in ruminant) Left – pig, ruminant |
| Cisterna chyli | Do not ID. Define, know location, and direction of lymph flow through it. |
| Thoracic duct | All left side. Right side on dog/cat if possible. Know where it is located, and efferent and afferent flow. |
| Chylothorax | Define and name most common domestic species. |
| Tracheal trunks | Do not ID until next lab. Know where they are and what they drain. |
| Superficial cervical lymph node | All. Know afferent and efferent flow. |
| Thymus | All (where present) |
| Caudal mediastinal lymph node | Ruminants. Know what secondary clinical signs may arise from caudal mediastinal lymphadenopathy. |
| Tracheobronchial lymph nodes | Ungulates |
Lab 4
| Neck |
|
| Features | Species |
| External jugular v | All |
| Jugular groove | Ungulates |
| Brachiocephalicus m. – dorsal boundary of jugular groove | Ungulates |
| Sternocephalicus m. – ventral boundary of jugular groove | Ungulates |
| Omohyoideus m. – medial boundary of jugular groove
Sternocephalicus m. – medial boundary of jugular groove |
Equine
Ruminants |
| Carotid sheath | All |
| Common carotid a | All |
| Vagosympathetic trunk | Know it is included in carotid sheath |
| Internal jugular v. | Carnivore and pig |
| Tracheal trunk | All (know location and what they drain) |
| Thymus | Calf and pig |
Lab 5
| Thoracic Limb |
|
| Features | Species |
| Superficial cervical ln | All. Efferent and afferent flow. |
| Axillary ln | Focus on Carnivore. Efferent and afferent flow. |
| Accessory axillary ln | Cat. Efferent and afferent flow. |
| Subclavian artery | All |
| Superficial cervical a | Carnivore |
| Axillary a | All |
| External thoracic a | Carnivore |
| Lateral thoracic a | Carnivore |
| Subscapular a | All |
| Thoracodorsal a | Carnivore |
| Caudal circumflex humeral a | Carnivore |
| Cranial circumflex humeral a/v | Carnivore |
| Brachial a/v | All |
| supracondylar foramen | Cat. ID on bone and know what artery and nerve pass through it. |
| Deep brachial a | Carnivore |
| Superficial brachial a | Carnivore |
| Cranial superficial antebrachial artery | Carnivore |
| Collateral ulnar a | Carnivore |
| Transverse cubital a | Carnivore |
| Common interosseous a | Dog and ungulate. Cats generally lack a common interosseous a. |
| Cranial interosseous a | Carnivore |
| Caudal interosseous a | Carnivore |
| Ulnar a | Carnivore |
| Median a | All |
| Deep antebrachial a | Carnivore |
| Radial a | Carnivore |
| Palmar common digital a. III | Artiodactyls |
| Axial proper digital aa. III and IV | Artiodactyls |
| M/L palmar aa. | Horse |
| M/L palmar digital aa. | Horse |
| Terminal Arch | Horse (conceptual) |
| Sole canal | Horse distal phalanx |
| M/L sole foramen | Horse distal phalanx |
| Cephalic v | All |
| Accessory cephalic v | All |
| Median cubital v | All |
| Radial vein | Pig |